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diff --git a/plato_time.otx b/plato_time.otx index 019558d..a758534 100644 --- a/plato_time.otx +++ b/plato_time.otx @@ -7622,269 +7622,269 @@ a penultimate world of silent and unspeaking self posession, but becomes the way in which eternal perfection discloses itself, which Plato calls the moving image of eternity. -APPENDIX A +\sec Appendix A - -Ross! gives a tabular presentation of the order +Ross\pnote{5.1} gives a tabular presentation of the order of the dialogues according to "five leading students" of the subject. Since the order of the early works is not in question here, the table is abbreviated to show -the order of the dialogues starting with the Republic, +the order of the dialogues starting with the \ul{Republic}, on which there is wide agreement. However it should be noted that Ross does not distinguish between stylistic criteria and stylometric criteria and uses the two interchangeably in his chapter on the order of the -dialogues. With the exception of the Phacdrus, the - - +dialogues. With the exception of the \bt{Phaedrus}, the scholars cited by Ross give substantially the order I have adopted as the most probable. - -Arnim _ Lutoslawski Raeder Ritter Wilamowitz -Rep. 2-10 Rep. 2=10 Rep. Rep. Rep. -Theaet. Phaedr. Phaedr. Phaedr. Phaedr. -Parm. Theaet. Theaet. Theaet. Parn. -Phaedr. Parn. Parn. Parn. Theaet. -Soph. Soph. Soph. Soph. Soph. -Pol. Pol. Pol. Pol. Pol. -Phil. Phil. Phil. Tin. Tin. -Tin. Tim. Critias Critias -Critias Critias Phil. Phil. -Laws Laws Laws Laws Laws -Epin. - - -' wep. Ross, Plato's Theory of Ideas (Oxford: -Clarendon Press, 1951), p. 2. - - - -BIBLIOGRAPHY - - -Archer-Hind, R.D. Commentary on the Timaeus. London: -The Macmilian Co., 1888. - - -Barker, E. Political Thought of Plato and iecarotie: -New York: Dover frublications, Inc., 1959. - -Burnet, John. Greek Philosophy. rart I. London: -Macmilian & Co., Ltd., i914. - - -Bury, R.G. "Plato and History," Classical Quarterly, New -Series, 1-2, pp. 86-94. - - -Callahan, J.F. Four Views of Time in Ancient Philosophy. +\table{l|l|l|l|l}{ +Arnim & Lutoslawski & Raeder & Ritter & Wilamowitz \crll +Rep. 2--10 & Rep. 2--10 & Rep. & Rep. & Rep. \cr +Theaet. & Phaedr. & Phaedr. & Phaedr. & Phaedr. \cr +Parm. & Theaet. & Theaet. & Theaet. & Parm. \cr +Phaedr. & Parm. & Parm. & Parm. & Theaet. \cr +Soph. & Soph. & Soph. & Soph. & Soph. \cr +Pol. & Pol. & Pol. & Pol. & Pol. \cr +Phil. & Phil. & Phil. & Tim. & Tim. \cr +& Tim. & Tim. & Critias & Critias \cr +& Critias & Critias & Phil. & Phil. \cr +Laws & Laws & Laws & Laws & Laws \cr +& & Epin. & &} + +\sec Bibliography + + +Archer-Hind, R.D. +\bt{Commentary on the Timaeus}. +London: The Macmilian Co., 1888. + +Barker, E. +\bt{Political Thought of Plato and Aristotle}. +New York: Dover Publications, Inc., 1959. + +Burnet, John. +\bt{Greek Philosophy}. +Part I. +London: Macmilian & Co., Ltd., 1914. + +Bury, R.G. +\et{Plato and History,} +\jt{Classical Quarterly}, +New Series, 1-2, pp. 86-94. + +Callahan, J.F. +Four Views of Time in Ancient Philosophy. Cambridge: Harvard University Fress, 1946. -Campbell, L. "Plato," kncyclopaedia Britannica. -Tith ed., Vol. XxXI, pp. 0 = 2 e - -Claghorn, George 8S. Aristotle's Criticism of Plato's -'Timaeus'. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1954. +Campbell, L. +"Plato," +Encyclopaedia Britannica. +11\tss{th} ed., Vol. XXI, pp. 808--824. -Cornford, F.M. From Religion to Philosophy. New York: -Harper & Brothers, 1957. +Claghorn, George S. +Aristotle's Criticism of Plato's 'Timaeus'. +The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1954. -__.____ Plato's Cosmology. London: Routledge « -Kegan Paul, Ltd., 1937. +Cornford, F.M. +From Religion to Philosophy. +New York: Harper & Brothers, 1957. +Cornford, F.M. +Plato's Cosmology. +London: Routledge \& Kegan Paul, Ltd., 1937. -Dodds, E.K. The Greeks and the Irrational. Boston: -Beacon Press, 1957. +Dodds, E.K. +The Greeks and the Irrational. +Boston: Beacon Press, 1957. +Field, G.C. +Plato and His Contemporaries: A Study in Fourth-Century Life and Thougnt. +London: Methuen \& Co., Ltd., 1930. -Field, G.C. Plato and His Contemporaries: A Study in -Fourth-Century Life and Thougnt. London: Methuen & -UO., td., 1930. +Frutiger, P. +Les Myths de Platon. +Paris: 1930. +Gauss, Hermann. +Philosophischer Handkommentar zu den Dialogen Platos. +vol. III, part 2. +Bern: Herbart Lang, 1961. -rrutiger, P. Les Myths de Platon. Paris: 1930. -Gauss, Hermann. Philosophischer Handkommentar zu den -Dialogen Platos. 5 tir. part 2. bern: Herbart -ng, 1961. -Gioscia, V.J. "A Perspective for Role Theory," The -American Catholic Sociological Review. XXII, No. 2, +Gioscia, V.J. +"A Perspective for Role Theory," +The American Catholic Sociological Review. +XXII, No. 2, Milwaukee: Marquette University Press, 1961, pp. 143 ff. +Gompers, Theodor. +Greek Thinkers. +trans. G.G. Bery. +London: John Murray, 1905. -Gompers, Theodor. Greek Thinkers. trans. G.G. ery. -Londons John Murray, 1! ° - - -Harward, J. The Platonic poieties. Cambridge: the -University ess, 1952. +Harward, J. +The Platonic Epistles. +Cambridge: The University Press, 1952. +Heisenberg, Werner. +Physics and Philosophy. +New York: Harper \& Brothers, 1955. +Hempel, Carl G. +"Fundamentals of Concept Formation in Empirical Science," +International Encyclopaedia of Unified Science, +vols. I and II; +Foundations of The Unity of Science, +vol. II, No. 7. University of Chicago Press, 1952. - -Heisenberg, Werner. Physics and Philosophy. New York: -Harper & Brothers, 1955. - -Hempel, Carl G. "Fundamentals of Concept Formation in -Empirical Science," International Encyclopaedia of -Unified Science, vols. 1 and 11; Foundations of -The Unit f 'Science, vol. II, No. 7. University - - -of Chicago Press, 1952. - - -Jaeger, Werner. Paideia: The Ideals of Greek Culture. +Jaeger, Werner. +Paideia: The Ideals of Greek Culture. New York: Oxford University Press, 1943. +Jowett, B. +The Dialogues of Plato. +3\tss{rd }ed.; +New York: Scribner, Armstrong, \& Co., 1878. -Jowett, B. The Dialogues of Plato. 3rd ed.; New York: -Scribner, Armstrong, & Co., 1878. - - -Koyre, Alexandre. Krom the Closed world to the Infinite -Universe. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1958. - - -Lauer, Q., S.J. The Being of Non-sHeing in Plato's +Koyre, Alexandre. +From the Closed world to the Infinite Universe. +New York: Harper \& Brothers, 1958. -Sophist. unpublished manuscript; New York: -Fordham University. +Lauer, Q., S.J. +The Being of Non-Being in Plato's Sophist. +unpublished manuscript; +New York: Fordham University. -Lutoslawski, W. Origin and Growth of Plato's Logic. +Lutoslawski, W. +Origin and Growth of Plato's Logic. New York: Longmans, 1925. +Mackinnon, Edward, S.J. +"Time in Contemporary Physics," +International Philosophical Quarterly, +II, No. 3, (September, 1962). -Mackinnon, Edward, S.J. "Time in Contemporary Physics," +Meyerhoff, Hans (ed.) +The Philosophy of History in Our Time. +New York: Doubleday \& Co., 1959. - -International Philosophical Quarterly, II, No. 3, -(September, 1962). - -Meyerhoff, Hans (ed.) The Philosophy of History in Our -Time. New York: Doubleday & Co., 1959. - -Nettleship, #.L. Lectures on the Republic of Plato. +Nettleship, R.L. +Lectures on the Republic of Plato. New York: Macmillan, 1955. -Popper, K.R. The Open Society and its Enemies. 2 vols., -ed ed. rev., London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1952. +Popper, K.R. +The Open Society and its Enemies. +2 vols., 2\tss{nd} ed. rev., +London: Routledge \& Kegan Paul, 1952. -Ritter, Constantin. Untersuchungen uber Platon. +Ritter, Constantin. +Untersuchungen uber Platon. Stuttgart: 1888. +Ritter, Constantin. +Neue Untersuchungen uber Platon. +Munich: 1910. -- Neue Untersuchungen uber Platon. Munich: 1910. - - -. The Essence of Plato's Philosophy. trans. -Adam es. London: George en & Unwin, Ltd., 1933. +Ritter, Constantin. +The Essence of Plato's Philosophy. +trans. Adam Alles. +London: George Allen \& Unwin, Ltd., 1933. -Koss, W.D. Plato's Theory of Ideas. Oxford: Clarendon -Press, 1951. +Ross, W.D. +Plato's Theory of Ideas. +Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1951. +Russell, Bertrand. +Mysticism and Logic. +Garden City, +New York: Doubleday \& Co., 1917. -Russell, Bertrand. Mysticism and Logic. Garden City, -New York: Doubleday & Co., 1917. +Taylor, A.E. +Commentary on Plato's Timaeus. +Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1928. - -Taylor, A.&. Commentary on Plato's Timaeus. Oxford: -Clarendon Press, 192%. - - -- "Plato," Encyclopaedia britannica. XVIII. +Taylor, A.E. +"Plato," +Encyclopaedia britannica. +XVIII. Chicago: Encyclopaedia Britannica, inc., 1957. -- Plato: 'the Man and His Work. 6th ed. 5th -print. New York: Meridian books, Inc., 1959. +Taylor, A.E. +Plato: the Man and His Work. +6\tss{th} ed. 5\tss{th} print. +New York: Meridian books, Inc., 1959. - -Taylor, 1t.T. The fimaeus and Critias of Plato. +Taylor, T.T. +The Timaeus and Critias of Plato. Washington: Pantheon Books inc., 1952. +Walsh, W.H. +"Plato and the Philosophy of History: History and Theory in the Republic," +History and Theory, +II, No. 1 (1962), pp. 1--16. -Walsh, W.H. "Plato and the Philosophy of History: -History and 'theory in the Kepublic," History and -Theory, II, No. 1 (1962), pp. 1-16. - +Whitehead, A.N. +Process and Reality. +New York: The Macmillan Company, 1941. -Whitehead, A.N. Process and kKeality. New York: The -Macmillan Company, 1941. +Wilamowitz-Moellendorff, U.v. +Platon. +2 vols., Berlin: Weidman, 1920. +\sec ABSTRACT -Wilamowitz-Moellendorff, U.v. Platon. 2 vols., Berlin: -Weidman, 1920. +\rightline{Victor Joseph Gioscia} +\rightline{B.S., Fordham College} +\rightline{M.A., Fordham University} +\centerline{\ul{Plato's Image of Time}} -ABSTRACT - - -Victor Joseph Gioscia -B.S8., Fordham College -M.A., Fordham University -Plato's Image of Time -Dissertation directed by J. Quentin Lauer, Ph.D. +\rightline{Dissertation directed by J. Quentin Lauer, Ph.D.} The most explicit formulation which Plato made of -his philosophy of Time is found in his Timaeus. In this - - +his philosophy of Time is found in his \ul{Timaeus}. In this dialogue, he reexamines some of the doctrines he had -formulated in the Republic. +formulated in the \ul{Republic}. By reference to a wide concensus of scholarly -opinion, it is established that the timaeus is very probably +opinion, it is established that the \ul{Timaeus} is very probably the last dialogue Plato completed and edited, that it is -tollowed only by the incomplete Critias and the unedited -Laws. These facts, taken together with the fact that the - - -Timaeus recapitulates some doctrines of the Republic, - - -Give the Timaeus a central importance in Plato's reflections +tollowed only by the incomplete \ul{Critias} and the unedited +\ul{Laws}. These facts, taken together with the fact that the +\ul{Timaeus} recapitulates some doctrines of the \ul{Republic}, +Give the \ul{Timaeus} a central importance in Plato's reflections on society. - -This means that the Timaeus contains a "later" - - -doctrine than the Republic and that in the Timaeus we - - -rind a reflective advance over the doctrines ot the +This means that the \ul{Timaeus} contains a "later" +doctrine than the \ul{Republic} and that in the \ul{Timaeus} we +find a reflective advance over the doctrines ot the "early" and "middle" dialogues of Plato. + The study traces the evolution of the three themes of eternity, image, and time anda shows that Plato discussed - - them in an increasingly generalized fashion as he grew - - older. It traces the development or these themes from -the Republic through the Parmenides, Theatetus, Sopnist, -Statesman, and Philebus. -| The study espouses the view that the Timaeus contains +the \ul{Republic} through the \ul{Parmenides}, \ul{Theatetus}, \bt{Sophist}, +\ul{Statesman}, and \ul{Philebus}. + +The study espouses the view that the \ul{Timaeus} contains Plato's most mature reflections on the themes of eternity, -image, and time, and that the formulation in the Timaeus -reformulates some of the doctrines of the Republic, and -therefore one ought not to regard the Republic as the -final trormulation of Plato's pnilosophy of eternity, image, -and time. | +image, and time, and that the formulation in the \ul{Timaeus} +\e{re}formulates some of the doctrines of the \ul{Republic}, and +therefore one ought \e{not} to regard the \ul{Republic} as the +final formulation of Plato's philosophy of eternity, image, +and time. + Further, the themes of eternity, image, and time -are treated in the Timaeus in an explicitly sociological +are treated in the \ul{Timaeus} in an explicitly sociological framework, and are said to be part and parcel or the 4nquiry into the best society and its basis in time. + Plato included cosmology and sociology within a larger perspective, in which the origin of the Universe and the origin of society were seen as stages in a temporal - - -process. His account of these matters in the Timaeus is - - +process. His account of these matters in the \ul{Timaeus} is preceded by statements to the erfect that it is only on the broad canvass of the entire Universe that the best account of society's origins can be painted. @@ -7892,47 +7892,37 @@ account of society's origins can be painted. The use ot such metaphorical phraseology is not arbitrary, and one must frequently deal in metaphor to explain Plato's meaning because Plato makes extensive use -of metaphor throughout his Timaeus, indeed, throughout +of metaphor throughout his \ul{Timaeus}, indeed, throughout most of his philosophy. Plato's discussion of temporal - - processes contains a definition whose central term is the -word image (eikon not eidolon). Since Plato defines time as +word image (\e{eikon} not \e{eidolon}). Since Plato defines time as an image, it becomes the problem of the commentator to reveal as clearly as possible the significance or this definition and the use of image as one of its principal terms. -the study concludes that Plato viewed the entire - - +The study concludes that Plato viewed the entire Universe as an Image and sees Time as the Life of Society. - -VITA - +\sec Vita Victor Joseph Gioscia, son of Joseph and Anne D'Onofrio Gioscia, was born June 13, 1930, in New York, - New York. He attended Xavier High School, New York City, and was graduated in June 1948. He entered Springhill College in September 1948, transferred to Fordham College in September 1950, and received the degree of Bachelor of Science in June 1952. - He received the Hughes Award in Philosophy and an Assistantship in Philosophy. He was accepted as a - graduate student and was given a Research Assistantship - in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences of Fordham University in September of 1956. He majored in Theoretical Sociology under the mentorship of Professor N.S. Timasheff and received the degree of Master of Arts in February 1957. -He was employed as a Lecturer in Sociology nt Fordham +He was employed as a Lecturer in Sociology at Fordham College in 1958, as an Instructor in Sociology at Fordham University School of Education in 1959, and as a Lecturer in Anthropology-Sociology at Queens College of the City @@ -7942,8 +7932,4 @@ He was accepted as a graduate student in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences of Fordham University in February 1957, where he majored in the Philosophy of Society under the mentorship of Professor J. Quentin - - -Laver, S.d. - - +Laver, S.J.
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